Ideas do not grow in vacuo. Throughout my fifteen years of residence in the Cambridge area, I have greatly profited from courses taken and given, from conversations, and from general interaction with colleagues and students. I wish to mention particularly Georg v. Békésy, Roger Brown, Jerome Bruner, Noam Chomsky, George Gardner, George Miller, and Peter Wolff. All of them have discussed various aspects of this book with me, and most have read and commented upon several chapters or the entire manuscript. I am also indebted to Hans-Lukas Teuber for critically reading Chapters one and five; to A. H Schultz and George Erikson for advising me on Chapter two; to Philip Liberman and Arthur House for commenting on Chapter three; to M. Kinsbourne for reading chapter four; to Charles Gross and Peter Huttenlocher for criticisms of Chapter five; to H. Burla, Hans Kalmus, and Ernst Mayr for reading various versions of Chapter six; and to DeLee Lantz for comments and criticisms on Chapter eight.
想法並非憑空而來。住在劍橋的期間，上課與聽課時與同事和學生的交流，使我獲益良多。我要特別感謝Georg v. Békésy,Roger Brown, Jerome Bruner, Noam Chomsky, George Gardner, George Miller, 還有 Peter Wolff。 他們皆與我討論過書中的許多部份，大多數人曾評論或閱讀過好幾個章節或整個手稿。我也要感謝Hans-Lukas Teuber，謝謝他對第一章和第五章的批評指教; 還要感謝 A. H Schultz 和 George Erikson， 他們給了許多第二章的建議;感謝 Philip Liberman and Arthur House 評論了第三章; 感謝 M. Kinsbourne閱讀第四章; 感謝Charles Gross和 Peter Huttenlocher 對第五章的批評; 感謝H. Burla, Hans Kalmus和 Ernst Mayr 閱讀了第六章的各個版本;感謝 DeLee Lantz 對第八章的評論與批評。
2008年11月5日 星期三
DeLee (Dorothy) Lantz
I have been licensed in California and enjoying my clinical practice here since 1977. After receiving my doctorate from Harvard University in 1963, I worked first as a teacher and researcher, as well as a clinician. Former positions include the faculties of the University of California at Santa Cruz, UCLA School of Medicine and the California Institute of Integral Studies in San Francisco. I also spent a total of four years in India, as a counseling psychologist, as well as doing research in villages and studying Eastern systems of understanding the mind and emotions.
In my clinical practice, I see clients who range in age from adolescence to older adulthood. I like to adapt my approach to what is best for each individual. For anxiety disorders such as panic disorders and phobias, I have found that cognitive-behavioral therapy with biofeedback generally has the best results. For overcoming blocks to achieving one’s goals, often a more psychodynamic approach is best for uncovering fears and old, self-defeating messages. The new “positive psychology”, or psychology of well-being, or “flourishing”, is very useful for those who want to develop more fully the attitudes and habits that support a healthier, happier present and future. Frequently, I use a combination of approaches. Integral to all my work is a collaborative relationship with the client and support of his or her strengths and resources.
I am especially experienced in psychotherapy for anxiety disorders, depression, pain or medical conditions and life transitions. Areas of greatest biofeedback experience are anxiety, pain management, stress management and psychophysiological disorders, where the mind-body connection is especially important. I’d be delighted to hear from you if you feel that my approaches and experience might be of help to you.
In my clinical practice, I see clients who range in age from adolescence to older adulthood. I like to adapt my approach to what is best for each individual. For anxiety disorders such as panic disorders and phobias, I have found that cognitive-behavioral therapy with biofeedback generally has the best results. For overcoming blocks to achieving one’s goals, often a more psychodynamic approach is best for uncovering fears and old, self-defeating messages. The new “positive psychology”, or psychology of well-being, or “flourishing”, is very useful for those who want to develop more fully the attitudes and habits that support a healthier, happier present and future. Frequently, I use a combination of approaches. Integral to all my work is a collaborative relationship with the client and support of his or her strengths and resources.
I am especially experienced in psychotherapy for anxiety disorders, depression, pain or medical conditions and life transitions. Areas of greatest biofeedback experience are anxiety, pain management, stress management and psychophysiological disorders, where the mind-body connection is especially important. I’d be delighted to hear from you if you feel that my approaches and experience might be of help to you.
Noam Chomsky
Avram Noam Chomsky (pronounced /noʊm ˈtʃɑmski/; born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher,[2][3][4] cognitive scientist, political activist, author, and lecturer. He is an Institute Professor emeritus and professor emeritus of linguistics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.[5] Chomsky is well known in the academic and scientific community as the father of modern linguistics.[6][7] Since the 1960s, he has become known more widely as a political dissident, an anarchist,[8] and a libertarian socialist intellectual.
In the 1950s, Chomsky began developing his theory of generative grammar, which has had a profound influence on linguistics. He established the Chomsky hierarchy, a classification of formal languages in terms of their generative power. His 1959 review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior challenged the behaviorist approaches to studies of behavior and language dominant at the time and contributed to the cognitive revolution in psychology. His naturalistic[9] approach to the study of language has affected the philosophy of language and mind.[10]
Beginning with his opposition to the Vietnam War Chomsky established himself as a prominent critic of US foreign and domestic policy. He is a self-declared adherent of libertarian socialism which he regards as "the proper and natural extension of classical liberalism into the era of advanced industrial society."[11]
According to the Arts and Humanities Citation Index in 1992, Chomsky was cited as a source more often than any other living scholar during the 1980–92 period, and was the eighth most-cited source.[12][13][14] At the same time, his status as a leading critic of American politics has made him a controversial figure.[15]
In the 1950s, Chomsky began developing his theory of generative grammar, which has had a profound influence on linguistics. He established the Chomsky hierarchy, a classification of formal languages in terms of their generative power. His 1959 review of B. F. Skinner's Verbal Behavior challenged the behaviorist approaches to studies of behavior and language dominant at the time and contributed to the cognitive revolution in psychology. His naturalistic[9] approach to the study of language has affected the philosophy of language and mind.[10]
Beginning with his opposition to the Vietnam War Chomsky established himself as a prominent critic of US foreign and domestic policy. He is a self-declared adherent of libertarian socialism which he regards as "the proper and natural extension of classical liberalism into the era of advanced industrial society."[11]
According to the Arts and Humanities Citation Index in 1992, Chomsky was cited as a source more often than any other living scholar during the 1980–92 period, and was the eighth most-cited source.[12][13][14] At the same time, his status as a leading critic of American politics has made him a controversial figure.[15]
Georg von Békésy (1899 - 1972)
Georg von Békésy was born in Budapest, Hungary on June 3, 1899. He received his early education in Munich, Constantinople, Budapest, and Zurich and studied chemistry at the University of Berne. He was awarded his Ph.D. from the University of Budapest in 1926 for development of a fast method for determining molecular weight. Afterwards he worked primarily for the Hungarian Telephone and Post Office Laboratory in Budapest where his interests were directed towards problems of telecommunications. Eventually he examined the problem of how best to design a telephone earphone.
Research on this problem led to his 1928 discovery of the mechanical characteristics of neural transduction in the inner ear. One of Békésy's principal contributions was the development of anatomical techniques that allowed rapid, nondestructive dissection of the cochlea. This dissection was done under a low-power microscope using a special grinding mechanism operated in a water bath. Békésy was able to observe the traveling waves along the basilar membrane that were produced by sound. He observed the shape of these waves by stroboscopic examination of the motion of particles of silver which he sprinkled on the nearly transparent basilar membrane. Depending upon the frequency of the sound, the traveling waves achieved maximum amplitude in different locations. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1961 for his discovery and subsequent research arising from it.
In 1947, after a year in Sweden, Dr. Békésy came to the United States and worked at Harvard University where he developed a mechanical model of the inner ear. A separate page shows more pictures of this fascinating device and Bekesy's description of it from his Nobel lecture. The model became a useful tool for his more recent investigations.
Threatened by forced retirement from Harvard, Dr. Békésy came to the University of Hawaii in 1966. He was attracted by construction of a special laboratory for him and the prospect of closer contact with oriental culture. His research in Hawaii was partially sponsored by Hawaiian Telephone and was concerned with phenomena that were general properties of all senses.
Throughout his life, Dr. Békésy assembled an extensive collection of paintings, statues and artifacts now owned by the Nobel Foundation. The process of constant comparison of related objects which he used to select pieces for his collection was to Békésy very similar to the methods he used to organize his scientific research.
Learn more about Georg von Békésy by browsing the many online resources available.
Threatened by forced retirement from Harvard, Dr. Békésy came to the University of Hawaii in 1966. He was attracted by construction of a special laboratory for him and the prospect of closer contact with oriental culture. His research in Hawaii was partially sponsored by Hawaiian Telephone and was concerned with phenomena that were general properties of all senses.
Throughout his life, Dr. Békésy assembled an extensive collection of paintings, statues and artifacts now owned by the Nobel Foundation. The process of constant comparison of related objects which he used to select pieces for his collection was to Békésy very similar to the methods he used to organize his scientific research.
Learn more about Georg von Békésy by browsing the many online resources available.
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